Ua hoʻomohala nā kānaka ʻepekema i kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā kīʻaha "ʻōmaʻomaʻo" i hana ʻia mai ke kō a me ka ʻohe he mea kūpono a pono hoʻi, e hoʻohiki ana e lilo i mea koho ʻē aʻe i nā kīʻaha plastik a me nā ipu plastik hoʻokahi hoʻohana. ʻOiai hiki i nā plastik kuʻuna a i ʻole nā polymer biodegradable ke hala a hiki i 450 mau makahiki a i ʻole nā mahana kiʻekiʻe e palaho ai, palaho kēia mea ʻawaʻawa a aloha i ke kaiapuni i loko o 60 mau lā wale nō a ua lawa ka maʻemaʻe e mālama i kāu kofe kakahiaka a i ʻole ka meaʻai lawe ʻia. Ua paʻi ʻia kahi ʻatikala e pili ana i kēia koho plastik ma ka puke pai Matter ma Nowemapa 12, 2020.
"ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, i koʻu hiki mua ʻana mai i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka makahiki 2007, ua pūʻiwa wau i ka nui o nā ipu palaki hoʻokahi hoʻohana ma nā hale kūʻai nui," wahi a ka mea kākau ʻo Julie Hongli o ke Kulanui ʻo Northeastern. "Hoʻomaʻalahi lākou i ko mākou ola, akā lilo pū lākou i ʻōpala ʻaʻole e pala i ke kaiapuni." Ma hope mai, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i nā kīʻaha palaki, nā pā, a me nā mea ʻokiʻoki e hoʻolei ʻia ana i loko o ka ʻōpala ma nā seminar a me nā hālāwai ua noʻonoʻo ʻo ia, "Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i nā mea hana hoʻomau?"
I ka ʻimi ʻana i nā koho ʻē aʻe i nā ipu meaʻai plastik, ua huli ʻo Zhu a me kāna mau hoa hana i ka ʻohe a me kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka ʻōpala o ka ʻoihana meaʻai: ka bagasse kō. Ua ulana ka hui i nā olonā ʻohe lōʻihi a lahilahi me nā olonā bagasse pōkole a mānoanoa e hana i kahi ʻupena mānoanoa a hana i nā ipu mai kēia mau mea ʻelua i paʻa i ka mīkini a palaho. ʻAʻole wale kēia mau ipu aloha kaiapuni hou i ikaika e like me ka plastik a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i nā wai, ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe ma mua o nā ipu palaho i hana ʻia mai nā mea hana hou ʻia, kahi paha ʻaʻole e hoʻomaʻemaʻe piha ʻia. Hoʻomaka lākou e palaho i loko o ka lepo ma hope o 30 a 45 mau lā a ua hoʻololi loa ʻia ma hope o 60 mau lā.
"ʻAʻole he hana maʻalahi ka hana ʻana i nā ipu meaʻai. ʻAʻole pono lākou e palaho wale ʻia," wahi a Zhu. "Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, pono mākou i kahi mea palekana no ka meaʻai; ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, pono i ka ipu ke loaʻa ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe ke pulu a maʻemaʻe loa, no ka mea, e hoʻohana ʻia ia e mālama i ke kofe wela a me ka ʻaina awakea wela."
Ua hoʻohui nā kānaka noiʻi i ka alkyl ketenedimer (AKD), kahi kemika aloha i ke kaiapuni i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana meaʻai, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka ʻaila a me ka wai o nā kīʻaha i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka lōʻihi i nā wahi pulu. Me kēia mea hoʻohui, ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kīʻaha hou ma mua o nā ipu meaʻai biodegradable i loaʻa ma ke kālepa, e like me nā kīʻaha bagasse kō ʻē aʻe a me nā pahu hua manu, ma ka ikaika mechanical, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaila, a me ka ʻole o ka ʻawahia.
ʻO nā kīʻaha i hana ʻia e nā mea noiʻi he pono ʻē aʻe: kahi kapuaʻi kalapona i hoʻemi nui ʻia. ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka huahana hou e hana ana i ka 97% emi o ka CO2 ma mua o nā ipu plastik maʻamau, a he 65% emi ma mua o ka pepa a me ka plastik biodegradable. ʻO ka pahuhopu aʻe o ka hui, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono o ka ikehu o ke kaʻina hana a hoʻemi hou i nā kumukūʻai e hoʻokūkū ai me ka plastik. ʻOiai ʻo ke kumukūʻai o nā kīʻaha i hana ʻia mai ka mea hou he pālua ($2,333 no ke tona) ma mua o nā mea i hana ʻia mai ka plastik biodegradable ($4,750 no ke tona), ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai o nā kīʻaha plastik kuʻuna ($2,177 no ke tona).
"He mea paʻakikī ke kāohi i nā kānaka mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ipu hoʻolei wale no ka mea he makepono a maʻalahi hoʻi," wahi a Zhu. "Akā, manaʻo wau he hopena maikaʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni a me nā mea palaho e hana ai i kēia mau ipu hoʻolei wale."
Puna: Liu Chao, Luan Pengcheng, Li Qiang, Cheng Zheng, Sun Xiao, Cao Daxian, a me Zhu Hongli, “Nā Pākaukau ʻAi Biodegradable, Hygienic, a me Compostable i Hana ʻia mai nā Fibers Hybrid Sugarcane-Bamboo ma ke ʻano he Koho ʻē aʻe no ka Plastic,” Matter, Nowemapa 12, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.10.004
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-10-2025